[6][10] These do not specify an exact date, and not all earthquake stories in the region can be definitively isolated as referring to the 1700 quake in particular; however, virtually all of the native peoples in the region have at least one traditional story of an event much stronger and more destructive than any other that their community had ever experienced. It killed one person, injured 407 people and caused $2 billion in damage. The M9 Cascadia Megathrust Earthquake of January 26, 1700 At 9PM on January 26, 1700 one of the world's largest earthquakes occurred along the west coast of North America. The Fenix Underground building in Pioneer Square is pictured after the quake. Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, Lake Creek fault at 6.8 magnitude quake. The largest recorded megathrust earthquake was the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, estimated magnitude 9.4-9.6, centered off the coast of Chile along the Peru-Chile trench, where the Nazca Plate is subducting under the South American Plate. The last major earthquake to hit our Cascadia Subduction Zone happened 300 years ago in 1700. The Japanese records exist primarily in the modern-day Iwate Prefecture, in communities such as Tsugaruishi, Kuwagasaki and Ōtsuchi. It might also have changed the pressure levels inside the, Slip length: 600 and 800 km (370 and 500 mi), Caused destruction over a large area, though very few deaths were reported as a result of the earthquake and following tsunami. Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, THE BIG ONE: Cascadia subduction zone in a 9.0 magnitude quake - hardest hit county. Our study will focus on the Semidi segment of the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone; 71 years have passed since the 1938 earthquake, and the average megathrust repeat times for this zone appear to be 50 to 75 years, making it a highly relevant locality for further study. (seattlepi.com file), The 2001 photo caption read: King Court Superior Court Judge Linda Lau inspects the earthquake damage from District Court Judge Mark Chow's courtroom on the third floor of the King County Courthouse in Seattle. The quake killed eight people and caused damage from southern Oregon to British Columbia. Therefore, we are now in the risk zone of another earthquake. The last megathrust earthquake in the region, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, may have had a magnitude between 8.7 and 9.2. Be a part of it! So next Earthquake … _taboola.push({ coastal communities", "The Big One: Understanding Why The Big Earthquake Is Predicted For Vancouver", Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquakes: A magnitude 9.0 earthquake scenario, USGS Scientist Shows Evidence for 300-Year-Old Tsunami to Participants in International Tsunami Training Institute, Native American Legends of Tsunamis in Pacific NW, Fault slip and seismic moment of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake inferred from Japanese tsunami descriptions, Japanese Shipwreck Adds To Evidence Of Great Cascadia Earthquake In 1700, Surviving a Tsunami—Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan, Big earthquake coming sooner than we thought, Oregon geologist says, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1700_Cascadia_earthquake&oldid=986465498, Megathrust earthquakes in the United States, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 November 2020, at 01:17. (seattlepi.com file), The March 3, 2001 photo caption read: At the downtown Seattle Public Library, Jon Tulchin helps other staffers clean up the mounds of books that fell during the earthquake. target_type: 'mix' Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, South Whidbey Island fault quake at 7.4 magnitude. [1][2] Since 1900, all earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or greater have been megathrust earthquakes. Across south-central Alaska, ground fissures, collapsing structures, and tsunamis resulting from the earthquake caused about 131 deaths.. target_type: 'mix' Two women look at damage at a church in Chehalis, after an magnitude 7.1 earthquake hit the region in 1949. A magnitude 7.1 earthquake rocked Seattle in 1949, causing bricks to crush several cars outside the Busy Bee Cafe at Second Avenue and James Street. [9] Makah stories from Washington speak of a great night-time earthquake, of which the only survivors were those who fled inland before the tsunami hit. target_type: 'mix' (Photo: copyright, Paul Riek is pictured checking his car in Pioneer Square to see if it starts after a magnitude 6.8 quake hit Seattle and the region on Feb. 28, 2001. container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-30', In 2005 CREW first published the Cascadia earthquake scenario, but so much new information has emerged that an update was needed² said Heidi Kandathil, CREW Executive Director. At approximately 9 p.m. Pacific Standard Time, Jan. 26, 1700, a magnitude 8 or 9 earthquake occurred on the Cascadia Subduction Zone, a 600-mile stretch between Vancouver Island, British Columbia and Cape Mendocino, California. Megathrust earthquakes occur at subduction zones at destructive convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced underneath another. We now know that a similar offshore event will happen sometime in the future and that it represents a considerable hazard to those who live in southwest B.C. Time period=10,000 years. The Central Library is tentatively, Amy Castner of Seattle works security during a windy downpour at an earthquake-damaged Sodo building in Seattle, March 1, 2001. target_type: 'mix' However, because the fault is offshore, it is not the greatest earthquake hazard faced by major west coast cities. }); window._taboola = window._taboola || []; placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 34', The epicenter was in south Puget Sound. It was a time when Cascadia was much more resilient than today. placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 30', The Nankai megathrust is thought to have caused at least 12 major earthquakes in the last ca. The Scenario and other materials are available online at http://tinyurl.com/m34v2ex. “A major quake along the Seattle Fault is among the worst case scenarios for the area since the fault runs just south of downtown,” said Kate Alltstadt, a University of Washington doctoral student and co-author of the study. Here, very close to home, the average recurrence is every 234 years. These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes that can exceed 9.0. No other type of known terrestrial source of tectonic activity has produced earthquakes of this scale. In the Indian Ocean region, the Sunda megathrust is located where the Indo-Australian Plate is subducting under the Eurasian Plate and extends 5,500 kilometres (3,400 mi) off the coasts of Myanmar, Sumatra, Java and Bali before terminating off the northwestern coast of Australia. Over the last 10,000-years, earthquakes around magnitude 9 have occurred along the length of the Cascadia Subduction Zone 19 times — about every 526 years. It was called Japan's "orphan" tsunami because there was no earthquake locally that could have triggered it. The red areas show landslide risk zones. Because of the extent of the damage recorded in Japan, Satake estimated that it was approximately a magnitude 9 quake. Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, Canyon River fault in 7.4 magnitude quake. If Google Plus is your thing, check out our science coverage here. Source: Kate Allstadt, 2013 Earthquake Engineering Research Institute presentation. Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, Tacoma fault quake stats at 7.1 magnitude. target_type: 'mix' Photo: Washington State Earthquake Hazards Scenario Catalog, Devil's Mountain fault (west) at 7.4 magnitude quake. [6] This includes both inland stands of trees, such as one on the Copalis River in Washington,[6] and pockets of tree stumps that are now under the ocean surface and become exposed only at low tide. A 10 m (33 ft) tsunami washed up along 500 km (310 mi) of Chilean and Peruvian coastline. These subduction zones are not only responsible for megathrust earthquakes, but are also largely responsible for the volcanic activity associated with the Pacific Ring of Fire. [4], The earthquake took place at about 21:00 Pacific Time on January 26, 1700 (NS).

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