The, environmental hazards resulting from the use of con-, ventional acid catalysts in a homogeneous system, can be eliminated by a more effective heterogeneous, catalytic method from the viewpoints of environ-, mental friendliness, ease of separation of products, and ease of regeneration of the catalyst. The reaction may be performed in water, acetonitrile, methanol and t-butyl alcohol, below 55°C. The influence of the reaction conditions, such as reaction temperature, the amount of catalyst, amount of hydrogen peroxide on the yield of phenol was investigated under microwave irradiation. Sulfuric acid is used almost, exclusively as a catalyst in the industry. The selective oxidation of benzene to phenol with hydrogen peroxide is achieved by using a new zeolite catalyst (TS-1B), obtained by the modification of titanium silicalite with NH4HF2 and H2O2 (see scheme). In addition, these heterogeneous catalysts can be recovered and reused for at least four times without any significant loss of catalytic activity and selectivity. ) to constitute the radical chain reaction. In addition, Cu/TS-1 can be conveniently regenerated, showing a slight decrease in catalytic capability after initial use, which then stabilizes in subsequent circulations. It is found that the inactive extra-framework TiO6 species could cover up the zeolite Lewis-acid property, through the weak interaction between the “Ti(Ⅳ)” atom and “O” atom (TiO6 species). An optimal yield of 14.0% and its selectivity of 88.3% for the photocatalytic production of phenol from benzene were achieved by using h-BCN in the presence of FeCl3 and H2O2 in sustaining the same reactivity even after 4 cycles. The temperature in the reactor is maintained at 50°C by filing the appropriate coolant temperature in the jacket of the reactor. Acetone is an important solvent and widely used in the synthesis of drugs and polymers. The Liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of acetone reflux produced from the reactive distillation was varied from 0.2 to 5 hr-1. SUBSTANCE: method of processing carbon-carbonate mineral involves burning limestone in a reactor, obtaining calcium oxide, production of calcium carbide by reacting part of calcium oxide obtained from burning limestone with carbon, bringing part of the obtained calcium carbide into contact with water, obtaining acetylene and caustic lime, bringing gaseous wastes from burning limestone into contact with water to obtain carbonic acid. Future studies will include increasing Ti content to enhance catalytic activity and better detection of this type of the Ti site. The protons exchanged for the interlamellar, ions and the leached hydrated alumina occupying the, cation-exchange sites contribute to the enhanced acid-, created a higher density of strong Bronsted acid sites, facilitated CHP decomposition reaction.
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